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The mechanism by which NMU induces mutations is primarily through its alkylating properties. Upon exposure, NMU can add alkyl groups to DNA bases, leading to mispairing during DNA replication. This results in transitions or transversions in the nucleotide sequence, which can ultimately lead to permanent mutations. If these mutations occur in critical genes responsible for regulating cell growth and division, such as proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, they may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer.
nitroso methyl urea...
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2. Corrosion Inhibitors These are added to protect metal components from corrosive action. They often work by forming a protective film on the surface of metals. Common materials used as corrosion inhibitors include amines, molybdates, and organic phosphonates.
chemical treatment of cooling tower water...
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Before moving on to full-scale production, pharmaceutical companies conduct pilot manufacturing runs. This phase is crucial as it helps identify any issues that may arise when scaling up the production process. During pilot runs, the methods are tested under conditions that mimic full-scale production as closely as possible. The data gathered during this phase is vital for making necessary adjustments to the manufacturing process and for validating analytical methods used for quality control.
api manufacturing process steps...